Freedom of Religion or Belief: An International Law Commentary

The Underlying Principles of Freedom of Religion or Belief - Towards a Holistic Conceptualization ; Overview of international human rights mechanisms ; 1. Freedom of religion or belief ; 1.1 Freedom to adopt, change or renounce a religion or belief ; 1.2 Freedom from coercion ; 1.3 The right to manifest one's religion or belief ; 1.3.1 Freedom to worship ; 1.3.2 Places of worship ; 1.3.3 Religious symbols ; 1.3.4 Observance of holidays and days of rest ; 1.3.5 Appointing clergy ; 1.3.6 Teaching and disseminating materials (including missionary activity) ; 1.3.7 The liberty of parents to ensure the religious and moral education of their children ; 1.3.8 Registration ; 1.3.9 Communicate with individuals and communities on religious matters at the national and international level ; 1.3.10 Establish and maintain charitable and humanitarian institutions/solicit and receive funding ; 1.3.11 Conscientious objection ; 2. Discrimination ; 2.1 Discrimination on the basis of religion or belief/inter-religious discrimination/tolerance ; 2.2 State religion ; 3. Vulnerable groups ; 3.1 Women ; 3.2 Persons deprived of their liberty ; 3.3 Refugees, asylum seekers and internally displaced persons ; 3.4 Children ; 3.5 Minorities ; 3.6 Migrant workers ; 4. Intersection of freedom of religion or belief with other human rights ; 4.1 Freedom of expression including questions related to religious conflicts, religious intolerance/extremism ; 4.2 Right to life, right to liberty ; 4.3 Prohibition on torture and other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment ; 5. Cross-cutting issues ; 5.1 Derogation ; 5.2 Limitations ; 5.3 Legislative issues ; 5.4 Defenders of freedom of religion or belief and non-governmental organizations